English

The theory claims that in prehistory, humanity lived in a peaceful, classless society defined by a feminine principle. This society had an emotional competence never before experienced, under the religious oversight of the Great Mother cult. It is questionable whether this meant rule by women or the existence of a harmonious feminine principle...

The nationality question essentially refers to assimilation, a constant life-and-death struggle between the dominant and subordinate nationalities. The former seeks to assimilate the latter, while the latter strives to preserve its national identity. In the 19th century, this struggle was insignificant in Western Europe, became the central issue of...

Determining the timeframe of the Hungarian raids poses challenges due to the scarcity of written sources. Scholars agree that the year 970 marks the end of the raids, but the starting point is more difficult to establish. The traditional view links the first such actions to the Hungarian Conquest. Written sources portray the Hungarians as a raiding...

The character of a nation is elusive, yet it must not be exempt from scrutiny. For a small nation, striving for self-awareness is both a moral imperative and a practical necessity. The Treaty of Trianon introduced us to a formidable adversary: the propaganda directed against us. The image of us that persists is preserved in historical portrayals,...

The Hungarian society, already burdened by the consequences of World War I, faced the threat of a "second war" of destruction: the prevalence of having only one child, emigration, and tuberculosis. What would become of the Hungarian people? This was the most pressing existential question. Lajos Fülep, a Reformed minister, drew attention to these...

For the entirety of the century and a half since Peter the Great, we have been preoccupied with one thing: the arduous task of engaging with all human civilizations and adopting their histories and ideals as our own. We learned and trained ourselves to love the French, the Germans, and everyone else as if they were our brothers, even though...

Russia largely shaped its culture from its historical homelessness. The question of the nation's legitimacy spurred the 19th-century intelligentsia to seek out what the Russian horizon was—or whether such a horizon existed at all. The hope, but even more so the necessity of such a horizon, brought a prophetic quality to Russian thought, especially...